1 Corinthians 2:16

Authorized King James Version

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For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ.

Original Language Analysis

τίς who G5101
τίς who
Strong's: G5101
Word #: 1 of 13
an interrogative pronoun, who, which or what (in direct or indirect questions)
γὰρ For G1063
γὰρ For
Strong's: G1063
Word #: 2 of 13
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
ἔγνω hath known G1097
ἔγνω hath known
Strong's: G1097
Word #: 3 of 13
to "know" (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications (as follow, with others not thus clearly expressed)
νοῦν the mind G3563
νοῦν the mind
Strong's: G3563
Word #: 4 of 13
the intellect, i.e., mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning
κυρίου of the Lord G2962
κυρίου of the Lord
Strong's: G2962
Word #: 5 of 13
supreme in authority, i.e., (as noun) controller; by implication, master (as a respectful title)
ὃς that G3739
ὃς that
Strong's: G3739
Word #: 6 of 13
the relatively (sometimes demonstrative) pronoun, who, which, what, that
συμβιβάσει he may instruct G4822
συμβιβάσει he may instruct
Strong's: G4822
Word #: 7 of 13
causative (by reduplication) of the base of g0939); to drive together, i.e., unite (in association or affection), (mentally) to infer, show, teach
αὐτόν him G846
αὐτόν him
Strong's: G846
Word #: 8 of 13
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
ἡμεῖς we G2249
ἡμεῖς we
Strong's: G2249
Word #: 9 of 13
we (only used when emphatic)
δὲ But G1161
δὲ But
Strong's: G1161
Word #: 10 of 13
but, and, etc
νοῦν the mind G3563
νοῦν the mind
Strong's: G3563
Word #: 11 of 13
the intellect, i.e., mind (divine or human; in thought, feeling, or will); by implication, meaning
Χριστοῦ of Christ G5547
Χριστοῦ of Christ
Strong's: G5547
Word #: 12 of 13
anointed, i.e., the messiah, an epithet of jesus
ἔχομεν have G2192
ἔχομεν have
Strong's: G2192
Word #: 13 of 13
to hold (used in very various applications, literally or figuratively, direct or remote; such as possession; ability, contiuity, relation, or conditio

Analysis & Commentary

For who hath known the mind of the Lord, that he may instruct him? But we have the mind of Christ. Paul quotes Isaiah 40:13 rhetorically: tis egnō noun kyriou (τίς ἔγνω νοῦν κυρίου, "who has known the mind of the Lord"). Expected answer: no one. The question emphasizes divine incomprehensibility and human incapacity to advise God—highlighting the absurdity of critiquing divine wisdom. Hos symbibasei auton (ὃς συμβιβάσει αὐτὸν, "who will instruct Him") reinforces the point: God needs no counsel (Romans 11:34).

The stunning contrast: But we have the mind of Christ (hēmeis de noun Christou echomen, ἡμεῖς δὲ νοῦν Χριστοῦ ἔχομεν). Nous (νοῦς) means understanding, perspective, thought-pattern. Through Spirit-indwelling, believers share Christ's mindset (Philippians 2:5)—not omniscience but alignment with His values, priorities, and truth-perception. This climaxes chapter 2: what was impossible for natural humanity (knowing God's mind) becomes reality for Spirit-regenerated believers. The "mind of Christ" is accessed through Scripture (Spirit-inspired revelation) and ongoing sanctification (Spirit-transformation).

Historical Context

Jewish interpretation of Isaiah 40:13 emphasized God's transcendent wisdom, contrasting Creator with creature. Paul radicalizes the text: through union with Christ by Spirit, believers actually participate in divine perspective. This builds on earlier contrast—natural vs. spiritual person. The "mind of Christ" isn't mystical intuition but Scripture-saturated thinking formed by apostolic teaching. Later patristic writers would connect this to theosis (participation in divine nature), but Paul's focus is epistemological: Christians can discern God's revealed will because they possess Christ's interpretive framework through the Spirit.

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